What Is the Catholic Perspective on Political Perks and Social Unrest in Indonesia?

Brief Overview

• Recent protests in Indonesia, sparked by economic hardship and a police-related death, have led to significant unrest across major cities, including Jakarta.
• President Prabowo Subianto announced cuts to lawmakers’ perks, such as housing allowances and overseas trips, to address public anger.
• Catholic social teaching emphasizes justice, the common good, and the dignity of every person, which can guide responses to such crises.
• The Church calls for leaders to prioritize the needs of the poor and marginalized, especially during times of social tension.
• Protests in Indonesia reflect deeper issues like rising costs, unemployment, and distrust in governance, which align with Catholic concerns about systemic inequality.
• This article explores how Catholic principles can inform responses to political privileges and social unrest in Indonesia.

Detailed Response

Catholic Social Teaching and the Common Good

Catholic social teaching offers a framework for understanding the role of political leaders in society. The Church teaches that the common good, which includes the well-being of all people, must guide governance (CCC 1905-1912). In Indonesia, recent protests highlight public frustration with lawmakers’ perks, such as housing allowances nearly ten times the minimum wage. These benefits, seen as excessive, fuel perceptions of injustice, especially when many citizens face rising costs and unemployment. The Catholic perspective holds that leaders should prioritize policies that uplift the marginalized rather than perpetuate inequality. When political privileges appear to benefit elites at the expense of the poor, they undermine the common good. The Church encourages leaders to act with humility and integrity, ensuring resources are distributed equitably. President Subianto’s decision to cut perks reflects a step toward addressing this imbalance, but Catholic teaching suggests deeper reforms are needed. Such reforms should address systemic issues like poverty and corruption, which protesters have also demanded. By aligning policies with the common good, leaders can restore trust and promote social harmony.

The Church’s emphasis on the common good does not reject the role of legitimate compensation for public servants. However, it insists that such compensation must be proportionate and not exacerbate inequality (CCC 1907). In Indonesia, the lavish allowances for lawmakers have sparked outrage, particularly when contrasted with the struggles of ordinary citizens. The protests, which escalated after the death of a motorcycle rideshare driver, reveal a broader discontent with economic hardship and perceived government indifference. Catholic teaching calls for leaders to listen to the cries of the people, as Proverbs 21:13 warns against ignoring the pleas of the poor. Subianto’s acknowledgment of public grievances and his promise to reduce perks align with this principle to some extent. Yet, the Church would urge a more comprehensive response, addressing not just symbolic cuts but the root causes of unrest, such as unemployment and rising living costs. Leaders are called to serve as stewards of society’s resources, not as beneficiaries of undue privilege. This perspective challenges Indonesian lawmakers to reflect on their role in fostering justice. Catholic teaching ultimately seeks a society where all can flourish, not just the elite.

Justice and the Dignity of the Human Person

Justice is a cornerstone of Catholic social teaching, rooted in the belief that every person possesses inherent dignity (CCC 1929-1933). The unrest in Indonesia, driven by economic inequality and the tragic death of a rideshare driver, underscores the need for justice in both policy and practice. Protesters have demanded higher wages, lower taxes, and stronger anti-corruption measures, reflecting a desire for fair treatment. Catholic teaching supports these demands when they aim to restore dignity to those marginalized by systemic inequities. The Church teaches that justice requires addressing not only immediate grievances but also the structures that perpetuate poverty and exclusion. In this context, cutting lawmakers’ perks is a positive but limited step. The protests reveal a deeper wound: a lack of trust in institutions to prioritize the needs of the people. Catholic principles call for leaders to act transparently and accountably, ensuring that policies reflect the dignity of every citizen. The violent clashes between protesters and police, which have resulted in at least six deaths, further highlight the need for restorative justice. The Church urges dialogue and reconciliation to heal divisions and promote peace.

The death of Affan Kurniawan, a 21-year-old rideshare driver killed during a protest, has become a focal point of public anger. Catholic teaching condemns actions that violate human dignity, including excessive use of force (CCC 2263-2267). President Subianto’s order for the military and police to take “firm action” against looters raises concerns about further escalation. The Church cautions against responses that prioritize control over compassion, as Matthew 5:9 calls for peacemaking. While public order is necessary, Catholic teaching emphasizes that it must be achieved through just means. The protests, initially sparked by lawmakers’ allowances, have grown into a broader call for systemic change. The Church would encourage Indonesian leaders to engage in dialogue with protesters, addressing their demands for economic justice and accountability. By doing so, the government can demonstrate a commitment to the dignity of all, especially the most vulnerable. Catholic social teaching also calls for solidarity, urging society to work together to address shared challenges. In Indonesia, this means fostering cooperation between leaders and citizens to rebuild trust.

The Role of Solidarity in Addressing Unrest

Solidarity, a key principle of Catholic social teaching, calls for unity in pursuit of justice and the common good (CCC 1939-1942). In Indonesia, the protests reflect a fracture in this unity, as citizens feel disconnected from their leaders. The lavish perks enjoyed by lawmakers, such as housing stipends of $3,000 per month, contrast sharply with the struggles of minimum-wage workers. This disparity fuels resentment and undermines social cohesion. Catholic teaching encourages solidarity by urging leaders and citizens to recognize their shared humanity and work toward mutual flourishing. President Subianto’s decision to cut perks and suspend overseas trips is an attempt to bridge this gap, but protesters, including student groups, argue it is insufficient. The Church would support their call for deeper reforms, such as addressing unemployment and corruption, which are at the heart of the unrest. Solidarity requires not only policy changes but also a change in heart, where leaders prioritize the needs of the poor over personal gain. The violent protests, including the looting of officials’ homes, indicate a breakdown in trust that solidarity can help repair. Catholic teaching invites all parties to seek dialogue and mutual understanding to restore peace.

The Church also recognizes the role of the poor and marginalized in shaping society through solidarity (CCC 1940). In Indonesia, the protests have been led by students and workers, including rideshare drivers, who represent the voices of the disadvantaged. Their demands for higher wages and lower taxes align with Catholic calls for economic justice, as James 5:4 warns against withholding fair wages. The Church encourages these groups to express their grievances peacefully while urging leaders to respond with empathy. The suspension of TikTok’s live feature and the postponement of protests by groups like the Alliance of Indonesian Women reflect fears of further violence. Catholic teaching would advocate for safe channels of dialogue to prevent escalation. Solidarity also involves addressing the root causes of unrest, such as economic hardship and distrust in governance. By fostering cooperation between citizens and leaders, Indonesia can move toward a more just society. The Church’s vision of solidarity challenges both protesters and officials to work together for the common good. This principle offers hope for healing divisions and building a more equitable future.

The Church’s Call for Peaceful Resolution

Catholic teaching places a high value on peace, defined not merely as the absence of conflict but as the presence of justice and charity (CCC 2304). The violent protests in Indonesia, which have included looting and the burning of state buildings, highlight the challenge of achieving true peace. President Subianto’s labeling of some protests as “treason and terrorism” risks escalating tensions further. The Church teaches that peace requires addressing the underlying causes of unrest, such as economic inequality and injustice (CCC 2302-2306). While the government’s decision to cut lawmakers’ perks is a step toward justice, it does not fully address the protesters’ broader demands. Catholic teaching calls for nonviolent solutions, urging both sides to avoid actions that harm human dignity. The deaths of six people during the protests, including Affan Kurniawan, underscore the urgency of this call. The Church would encourage Indonesian leaders to engage in dialogue with protesters, listening to their concerns and seeking collaborative solutions. Peacebuilding requires humility, patience, and a commitment to the common good. By fostering reconciliation, Indonesia can move toward a more stable and just society.

The Church also emphasizes the role of forgiveness in achieving peace (CCC 2302). The looting of homes, including that of Finance Minister Sri Mulyani, reflects deep public anger. While such actions are unjustifiable, they stem from real grievances that must be addressed. Catholic teaching encourages leaders to respond with compassion rather than retribution, as Luke 6:27 calls for love even toward those who act unjustly. The government’s deployment of military and police to guard key installations shows a focus on security, but the Church would urge a focus on dialogue instead. Protesters, too, are called to pursue their demands peacefully, avoiding violence that harms others. The postponement of protests by student and women’s groups suggests a willingness to seek nonviolent paths forward. Catholic teaching supports this approach, advocating for mutual respect and understanding. By addressing the root causes of unrest, such as economic hardship and corruption, leaders can lay the foundation for lasting peace. The Church’s vision of peace offers a path for Indonesia to navigate this crisis with justice and compassion.

The Moral Responsibility of Political Leaders

Catholic teaching holds that political leaders have a moral duty to serve the common good and uphold justice (CCC 2235-2237). In Indonesia, the perception that lawmakers prioritize personal gain over public welfare has fueled protests. The housing allowances, which far exceed the minimum wage, symbolize a disconnect between leaders and citizens. The Church teaches that authority is legitimate only when it serves the people, particularly the most vulnerable (CCC 1902). President Subianto’s decision to cut perks and impose a moratorium on overseas trips is a response to this disconnect, but Catholic teaching calls for more than symbolic gestures. Leaders must address systemic issues like poverty, unemployment, and corruption, which protesters have highlighted. The Church also emphasizes the importance of transparency and accountability in governance. By acting with integrity, leaders can rebuild trust and demonstrate their commitment to the common good. The protests in Indonesia serve as a reminder that leadership carries a moral weight. Catholic principles challenge Indonesian officials to align their actions with justice and service.

The Church further teaches that leaders must model humility and self-sacrifice (CCC 2234). The lavish perks enjoyed by Indonesian lawmakers contrast sharply with the struggles of ordinary citizens, undermining public trust. Protesters’ demands for lower taxes and stronger anti-corruption measures reflect a desire for leaders who prioritize the people’s needs. Catholic teaching supports these demands, as Matthew 20:26 calls for leaders to serve rather than be served. The unrest, which has led to violent clashes and looting, highlights the consequences of perceived moral failure in leadership. President Subianto’s cancellation of a trip to China to address the crisis shows a willingness to prioritize the nation’s needs. However, the Church would urge him to go further, engaging directly with citizens to address their concerns. By modeling humility, leaders can inspire unity and trust. Catholic teaching also calls for leaders to promote dialogue and reconciliation, fostering a society where all feel valued. In Indonesia, this moral responsibility is critical to resolving the current unrest.

The Role of the Church in Times of Crisis

The Catholic Church has a unique role in advocating for justice and peace during social crises (CCC 2244-2246). In Indonesia, where Catholics are a minority, the Church can still offer moral guidance and promote dialogue. The protests, driven by economic hardship and distrust in governance, align with issues the Church has long addressed. Catholic social teaching calls for the Church to stand with the poor and marginalized, amplifying their voices (CCC 2443-2449). In this context, the Church could support protesters’ demands for economic justice while advocating for nonviolent solutions. By engaging with both citizens and leaders, the Church can facilitate reconciliation and mutual understanding. The violent escalation of protests, including the deaths of six people, underscores the need for such intervention. The Church’s role is not to take sides but to promote the common good and human dignity. In Indonesia, this might involve encouraging dialogue between the government and protesters. Through its witness, the Church can inspire hope and guide the nation toward justice.

The Church also has a responsibility to educate its members on social justice issues (CCC 2419-2422). In Indonesia, Catholic communities can be encouraged to reflect on the protests through the lens of faith. The Church can teach that true justice requires addressing systemic inequalities, such as those highlighted by the lavish perks of lawmakers. By fostering discussions on solidarity and the common good, the Church can empower Catholics to engage constructively in civic life. The protests, which have included looting and violence, also raise questions about the ethics of protest. The Church teaches that while dissent is legitimate, it must respect human dignity and avoid harm (CCC 2309). By offering this guidance, the Church can help Catholics navigate the complexities of the current crisis. Additionally, the Church can pray for peace and reconciliation, as John 16:33 encourages trust in God amid turmoil. Through its moral and spiritual leadership, the Church can contribute to a more just and peaceful Indonesia. This role is vital in a nation facing significant unrest.

Addressing Economic Inequality

Economic inequality is a central issue in the Indonesian protests, as citizens struggle with rising costs and unemployment. Catholic social teaching emphasizes the preferential option for the poor, urging society to prioritize the needs of the disadvantaged (CCC 2444-2448). The lavish housing allowances for lawmakers, which are nearly ten times the minimum wage, highlight a stark disparity. Protesters’ demands for higher wages and lower taxes reflect a desire for a more equitable economy. The Church teaches that wealth and resources should serve the common good, not just the elite (CCC 2402-2406). President Subianto’s decision to cut perks is a step toward addressing this inequality, but the Church would call for broader reforms. Policies that promote fair wages, reduce poverty, and combat corruption are essential to aligning with Catholic principles. The unrest in Indonesia shows that economic inequality can erode social trust and lead to violence. The Church encourages leaders to create systems that ensure all citizens have access to basic needs. By addressing inequality, Indonesia can build a more just and stable society.

The Church also warns against the dangers of materialism and greed, which can exacerbate inequality (CCC 2401). The perception that Indonesian lawmakers prioritize personal gain over public welfare has fueled public anger. Catholic teaching calls for a conversion of heart, where leaders and citizens alike value justice over wealth. The protests, which have included looting and violence, reflect the frustration of those who feel excluded from economic prosperity. The Church would urge protesters to seek change through peaceful means while encouraging leaders to respond with humility. The economic challenges in Indonesia, including rising costs and unemployment, require long-term solutions. Catholic social teaching supports policies that promote human dignity, such as access to education and healthcare. By addressing the root causes of inequality, leaders can respond to the protesters’ demands in a way that aligns with Catholic values. The Church’s emphasis on the common good offers a roadmap for economic reform. In Indonesia, this approach can help restore trust and promote stability.

The Ethics of Protest and Civil Disobedience

Catholic teaching recognizes the right to protest when it seeks to correct injustice, but it must be conducted peacefully (CCC 2309). The protests in Indonesia, while rooted in legitimate grievances, have at times turned violent, with looting and the burning of state buildings. The Church condemns actions that harm others or destroy property, as they violate human dignity (CCC 2408). Protesters’ demands for economic justice and accountability are valid, but the means of expressing them must align with moral principles. The death of Affan Kurniawan and others highlights the tragic consequences of escalation. Catholic teaching encourages civil disobedience that respects the dignity of all, as Romans 12:18 calls for living at peace with others. The postponement of protests by student and women’s groups shows a commitment to avoiding further violence. The Church would support this decision while urging the government to create safe spaces for dialogue. By fostering nonviolent protest, Indonesia can address grievances without further loss of life. Catholic principles offer a framework for ethical dissent that balances justice and peace.

The Church also teaches that civil authorities have a duty to listen to legitimate protests and respond justly (CCC 2234). The Indonesian government’s decision to cut lawmakers’ perks is a response to public pressure, but protesters argue it is insufficient. Catholic teaching would encourage leaders to engage directly with citizens, addressing their demands for higher wages and anti-corruption measures. The violent response of some protesters, such as the looting of officials’ homes, complicates this dialogue. The Church calls for both sides to seek reconciliation and avoid actions that deepen divisions. President Subianto’s strong rhetoric against “treason and terrorism” risks alienating protesters further. Catholic teaching urges leaders to respond with compassion rather than condemnation, as Ephesians 4:32 calls for kindness and forgiveness. By creating channels for peaceful protest, the government can demonstrate its commitment to justice. The Church’s guidance on civil disobedience offers a path for Indonesia to navigate this crisis. Ethical protest, rooted in respect for human dignity, can lead to meaningful change.

The Path Forward for Indonesia

The unrest in Indonesia presents both a challenge and an opportunity for the nation to align with Catholic principles of justice and solidarity. The government’s decision to cut lawmakers’ perks is a starting point, but deeper reforms are needed to address economic inequality and corruption. Catholic social teaching calls for policies that prioritize the poor and promote the common good (CCC 1905-1912). Protesters’ demands for higher wages, lower taxes, and accountability reflect these principles. The Church would encourage dialogue between citizens and leaders to address these issues collaboratively. The violent escalation of protests, including the deaths of six people, underscores the need for nonviolent solutions. President Subianto’s leadership will be tested by his ability to respond with humility and compassion. The Church’s emphasis on peace and reconciliation offers a roadmap for healing divisions. By fostering solidarity, Indonesia can build a society where all citizens feel valued. Catholic teaching provides a moral foundation for navigating this crisis and creating a more just future.

The Church’s role in this context is to advocate for justice while promoting peace (CCC 2304). In Indonesia, the Catholic community can serve as a voice for the marginalized, urging leaders to address systemic issues. The protests highlight the need for a renewed commitment to the common good, where resources are shared equitably. The Church can also pray for reconciliation, as Colossians 3:15 calls for the peace of Christ to rule in our hearts. By supporting dialogue and nonviolent protest, the Church can help Indonesia move forward. The government must address the root causes of unrest, such as poverty and distrust, to prevent further violence. Catholic social teaching offers hope that justice and peace are possible through collective effort. The protests in Indonesia are a call to action for both leaders and citizens. By embracing solidarity and humility, the nation can overcome this crisis. The Church’s vision of a just society can guide Indonesia toward a brighter future.