Norfolk Island, Kingston: St. Barnabas Chapel—A Unique Blend of Polynesian and European Influences

St. Barnabas Chapel on Norfolk Island is a remarkable site that embodies the confluence of Polynesian and European cultures within the context of the Catholic faith. Located in Kingston, the capital of Norfolk Island, this chapel presents a captivating tapestry of history, art, and spirituality. This article dives into some “fun facts” about St. Barnabas Chapel, each painstakingly investigated for historical, theological, or cultural significance.

The Origins of the Chapel’s Name: St. Barnabas

Biblical Context

The chapel is named after St. Barnabas, a prominent figure in the New Testament who played a significant role in the early Christian church. In the Acts of the Apostles, Barnabas is described as a Levite from Cyprus who sold a field he owned to support the Christian community (Acts 4:36-37).

Theological Significance

The name ‘Barnabas’ is interpreted to mean “son of encouragement” (Acts 4:36). The naming of the chapel after such a figure emphasizes the themes of community and support, deeply embedded in the Catholic tradition. According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, “The Church is a ‘communion of saints’: this expression refers first to the ‘holy things,’ above all the Eucharist” (CCC 960).

Construction from the Remains of HMS Sirius

Historical Background

One of the most remarkable aspects of St. Barnabas Chapel is its construction. The chapel was partially built using timbers from the HMS Sirius, a Royal Navy flagship that wrecked on Norfolk Island in 1790. The HMS Sirius was part of the First Fleet, which had arrived in Australia to establish the first European settlement there.

Theological Connection

The use of the ship’s timbers signifies a powerful symbol of transformation and redemption, a cornerstone of Catholic theology. The Catechism states, “Christ’s whole life is an offering to the Father” (CCC 606). Just as Christ’s life was repurposed for a higher mission, the material of the ship was repurposed to house a spiritual community.

The Presence of Maori Wood Carvings

Cultural Intersection

The chapel is adorned with Maori wood carvings, bringing a Polynesian touch to a primarily European architectural style. These carvings were added during a period when Norfolk Island was home to descendants of the Bounty Mutineers, who had settled on Pitcairn Island and later moved to Norfolk Island.

Theological Reflection

Art in the Catholic Church is not mere decoration but serves to elevate the mind to the divine. As the Catechism notes, “Sacred images in our churches and homes are intended to awaken and nourish our faith in the mystery of Christ” (CCC 1192).

The Stained Glass Windows: A Journey Through Biblical Narratives

Artistic Import

St. Barnabas Chapel features intricately designed stained glass windows that depict various biblical narratives, including scenes from both the Old and New Testaments.

Theological Profundity

Stained glass windows in Catholic tradition are often referred to as the “Poor Man’s Bible.” Their purpose is to teach theology through art. They embody the idea that, “In the earthly liturgy we share in a foretaste of that heavenly liturgy” (CCC 1090).

The Bishop’s Chair: A Sign of Apostolic Succession

Historical Note

The bishop’s chair, or cathedra, in St. Barnabas Chapel is not just a piece of furniture but a symbol of the bishop’s teaching authority. This concept dates back to the earliest days of the Church.

Theological Context

The chair signifies apostolic succession, a core Catholic belief outlined in the Catechism: “The whole Church is apostolic, in that she remains, through the successors of St. Peter and the other apostles, in communion of faith and life with her origin” (CCC 857).

The Celebration of the Mass: A Confluence of Cultures

Ritualistic Integration

The Mass at St. Barnabas incorporates elements from both European and Polynesian traditions, representing a true blend of cultures. This includes hymns sung in the native Norfolk language and unique local customs.

Theological Depth

The universality of the Mass is core to Catholic teaching. The Catechism says, “The Eucharist is the efficacious sign and sublime cause of that communion in the divine life and that unity of the People of God” (CCC 1325).

Conclusion

St. Barnabas Chapel stands as a testament to the rich tapestry of faith, culture, and history. From its name to its architecture, every facet of this chapel speaks volumes about the blending of European and Polynesian influences, while remaining deeply anchored in the universal teachings of the Catholic Church.